Keywords
Abstract
Hypertension is a major public health concern worldwide, significantly contributing to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. This study investigates the prevalence, management, and treatment outcomes of hypertension in the Italian-speaking region of Switzerland. A total of 1,202 individuals participated in the study, undergoing office blood pressure measurements and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM).
Results indicate that over 40% of the examined population exhibited hypertensive blood pressure levels according to the 2024 ESC and 2023 ESH guidelines. A key finding is that one in four individuals with office hypertension experienced stress-induced hypertension, highlighting the importance of ABPM in distinguishing context related elevations from sustained hypertension. Additionally, three-quarters of those diagnosed with office hypertension presented with Grade 1 hypertension, underscoring the need for early intervention through lifestyle modifications and pharmacological treatment when necessary.
Alarmingly, a significant proportion of hypertensive individuals did not receive adequate treatment. Among hypertensive patients, 74% were untreated, and among those undergoing treatment, 80% failed to reach target blood pressure levels. The study found that 85% of patients on monotherapy remained hypertensive, indicating the potential need for combination therapy and treatment optimization.
These findings emphasize the essential role of primary care physicians in diagnosing and managing hypertension effectively. Physicians must ensure accurate blood pressure assessment, promote lifestyle changes, and tailor pharmacological interventions to individual needs. A comprehensive, multifaceted approach incorporating patient education, regular monitoring, and evidence-based treatment strategies is crucial to improving hypertension control and reducing the associated cardiovascular risks. This study highlights the urgent need for enhanced public health strategies to address hypertension and its long-term consequences effectively.