Keywords
Abstract
Radiation-induced dermatitis (RID) is one of the most common acute toxicities associated with external beam radiotherapy, particularly in breast cancer patients. In general patients develop mild to moderate RID, however it can affect quality of life, and few effective preventive strategies are currently available.
The aim of this narrative review is to examine the current evidence supporting the use of photobiomodulation therapy (PBM) for the prevention of acute RID in breast cancer patients, focusing on mechanisms of action and its integration into standard care. Emphasis was placed on studies involving breast cancer radiotherapy and on evidence from major clinical trials. PBM, a non-invasive light-based intervention, has been shown to reduce the incidence and severity of grade ≥2 RID in multiple trials. Treatment protocols typically involve near-infrared light (808–905 nm) applied 1–2 times weekly during radiotherapy. All reviewed studies reported high patient tolerability and no negative oncologic outcomes. PBM was one of the few modalities endorsed in recent international guidelines for RID prevention.
PBM is a safe and effective option for preventing acute RID in breast cancer patients undergoing curative radiotherapy. With growing clinical support and guideline endorsement, PBM is well positioned for broader adoption as part of routine supportive cancer care. Future research should focus on protocol standardization and expanding its use to other cancer populations.